The discovery and use of
tin can be traced back to prehistory. The "Bronze" Age, which played a role in promoting human civilization, was marked by the use of tin-copper alloy bronze. The element symbol of tin is Sn, which belongs to group IVA in the periodic table of elements, with an atomic number of 50 and an atomic weight of 118.69. Tin is stable at 13.2~161°C, and it is silvery white, that is, white tin. Below 13.2℃, white tin begins to transform into powdery gray tin, and the transformation speed increases with the decrease of temperature. When the temperature is above 161°C, white tin turns into brittle tin, until it reaches the melting point (231.9°C), it is all in liquid state.
The chemical properties of pure tin are relatively stable. The reason is that a layer of dense oxide film formed on the surface of tin is not easy to oxidize, so that the oxidation process will not develop further. Tin has good ductility and is easy to process. It is often processed into tubes, foils, wires, strips and various refined vessels. Tin can form alloys with almost all metals, including solder, tin bronze, Babbitt alloy, lead-tin bearing alloy, printing alloy, etc. In addition, titanium-based alloys, niobium-tin alloys and tin-silver amalgams have their own applications in the atomic energy industry, aviation industry, superconducting materials and medical treatment.
Solder is an important industrial raw material for connecting electronic components in welding lines, and is widely used in electronics industry, home appliance manufacturing, automobile manufacturing, maintenance industry and daily life. Applied to all kinds of electronic soldering, suitable for manual soldering, wave soldering, reflow soldering and other processes.
The main function of solder is to connect the objects to be soldered and form a path for the circuit.
The conditions required for soldering
1) The melting point of the solder should be lower than that of the workpiece to be welded.
2) It must have good electrical conductivity.
3) There must be a faster crystallization speed.
The types of commonly used solder can be divided into hard solder and soft solder according to their melting points; according to their composition, they can be divided into tin-lead solder, silver solder, copper solder, etc. Tin-lead solder--is a commonly used tin-lead alloy solder, usually called solder, mainly composed of tin and lead, and also contains trace metal components such as antimony. The main application of tin-lead solder: it is widely used in precision soldering such as wave soldering and dip soldering in various industries such as soft soldering in the electronics industry, heat sinks and hardware.
1) Solder paste - It is made by mixing solder and flux powder.
2) Filiform solder - usually called solder wire, with rosin flux wrapped in the center, called rosin-cored solder wire, commonly used in manual soldering iron soldering.
3) Ribbon solder—it is often used in the production line of automatic assembly. An automatic welding machine is used to cut a section from the ribbon-shaped solder for welding to improve production efficiency.
4) Sheet solder - commonly used in the welding of silicon wafers and other sheet weldments.
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